Journal: Journal of child neurology

Article Title: Brain Stiffness Relates to Dynamic Balance Reactions in Children with Cerebral Palsy

doi: 10.1177/0883073820909274

Figure Lengend Snippet: Illustration of the magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) technique: the participant’s head is vibrated in the MRI scanner with a pneumatic actuator, displacement wave fields are acquired, and the inversion algorithm calculates viscoelastic shear stiffness.

Article Snippet: Magnetic Resonance Elastography MRI scans were completed at the University of Delaware using a Siemens 3T Prisma scanner and 20-channel head RF-receive coil.

Techniques: Shear

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Changes in biceps brachii muscle hardness assessed by a push-in meter and strain elastography after eccentric versus concentric contractions

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13184-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic representation of the study protocol. The assessments of muscle damage markers and muscle hardness in the dominant and non-dominant arm were conducted sequentially as shown in the “Measurements” that consisted of maximal voluntary isometric contraction force (MVIC), push-in meter (PM), strain elastography (SE), relaxed, extended and flexed elbow angle (Elbow angles), upper arm circumference (CIR) and visual analog scale (VAS) for muscle soreness, before (Pre) and 1–4 days after exercise (Day 1- Day 4). After the Pre assessments, concentric (CON) and eccentric contractions (ECC) were performed by the dominant and non-dominant arm, respectively.

Article Snippet: A diagnostic ultrasound system with elastography function (Prosound F75; Hitachi Aloka Medical, Japan) was used.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Changes in biceps brachii muscle hardness assessed by a push-in meter and strain elastography after eccentric versus concentric contractions

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13184-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Muscle hardness assessment. Biceps brachii muscle hardness of both arms was assessed by a push-in meter (PM) and strain elastography (SE) simultaneously. In this example, SE for the right arm, and PM for the left arm. (Microsoft Powerpoint 2019, https://www.microsoft.com/ja-jp/microsoft-365/powerpoint ).

Article Snippet: A diagnostic ultrasound system with elastography function (Prosound F75; Hitachi Aloka Medical, Japan) was used.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Changes in biceps brachii muscle hardness assessed by a push-in meter and strain elastography after eccentric versus concentric contractions

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13184-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Typical examples of the force displacement relationships measured by push-in meter (PM, upper) and elastography images obtained by strain elastography (SE, lower) for biceps brachii (BB) muscle hardness assessment at before, 2 and 4 days after eccentric exercise. In PM, the force displacement relationship was divided into the subcutaneous area ( a ) and BB area ( b ), then muscle hardness value E was calculated using the slope (Km) of the force curve ranged in 0–35% BB thickness (from c to d ). In SE, the region of interest (ROI) was set for acoustic coupler area ( e ) and a circle including the whole BB ( f ). Using a built-in software, strain ratio (SR) was calculated for each image as a ratio of strain of the muscle ( f ) divided by the strain of the acoustic coupler (e), then SR was converted to Young’s Modulus from the known Young’s modulus of the coupler (22.6 kPa) by the formula; 22.6/SR. (Microsoft Powerpoint 2019, https://www.microsoft.com/ja-jp/microsoft-365/powerpoint ).

Article Snippet: A diagnostic ultrasound system with elastography function (Prosound F75; Hitachi Aloka Medical, Japan) was used.

Techniques: Software

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Changes in biceps brachii muscle hardness assessed by a push-in meter and strain elastography after eccentric versus concentric contractions

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13184-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Normalized changes (mean ± SD) in muscle hardness measured by push-in meter (PM, A ) and strain elastography (SE, B ) before (Pre) and 1–4 day after exercise. A significant interaction effect was found between eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON) conditions for changes in PM ( p < 0.05) and USE ( p < 0.01). * shows a significant (p < 0.05) difference from the baseline value.

Article Snippet: A diagnostic ultrasound system with elastography function (Prosound F75; Hitachi Aloka Medical, Japan) was used.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Changes in biceps brachii muscle hardness assessed by a push-in meter and strain elastography after eccentric versus concentric contractions

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13184-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relationship between normalized muscle hardness assessed by push-in meter (PM) and that by strain elastography (SE). A significant correlation was evident (r = 0.752, p < 0.001, regression equation: y = 0.5x + 74.0).

Article Snippet: A diagnostic ultrasound system with elastography function (Prosound F75; Hitachi Aloka Medical, Japan) was used.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Changes in biceps brachii muscle hardness assessed by a push-in meter and strain elastography after eccentric versus concentric contractions

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13184-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relationship between muscle damage variables (maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) force, circumference (CIR), relaxed elbow angle (RANG) and extended elbow angle (EANG)) and muscle hardness assessed by push-in meter (PM) and strain elastography (SE). A significant (p < 0.001) correlation was evident between MVIC and PM (r = − 0.565, A ), MVIC and SE (r = − 0.516, E ), CIR and PM (r = 0.692, B ), CIR and SE (r = 0.518, F ), RANG and PM (r = − 0.772, C ), RANG and SE (r = − 0.745, G ), EANG and PM (r = − 0.548, D ) and EANG and SE (r = − 0.575, H ).

Article Snippet: A diagnostic ultrasound system with elastography function (Prosound F75; Hitachi Aloka Medical, Japan) was used.

Techniques: